@Lulufulu
Traditional weaponry like the aircraft carriers are in my layman's opinion rather the contemporary equivalents of the battle ship at the start of WWII. They continue to have utility of a kind, especially in what might now be called conventional limited and unconventional limited warfare, or what I am calling linear warfare. By linear warfare, I am referring to great powers engaging in, or sponsoring surrogates in the engagement in, warfare of the kind we have been witnessing since WWII. Things never really get threatened in the grand strategic order. Force is used in a kind of chess game at the frontier of the status quo to try to bring about incremental changes that may over time lead to tipping points for regimes. But unlimited warfare is never engaged in, because nuclear arms and CBW and cyber warfare technologies could easily converge to wipe us all out.
But I foresee what might be called a "nonlinear" conventional and unconventional warfare risk. War is not just a phenomenon of wealth and force. It is wealth and force interplaying in a battle space. What the Age of Discovery 1.0 did is geometrically (if you will) expand the battle space by enabling/requiring grand strategic interplay to occur around a globe, not just in an eastern Hemisphere stretching from Western Europe across Eurasia, the Mediterranean and the Indian and Southwest Pacific oceans. Over several centuries the geometric expansion of battle space (known accessible world) prompted concerted massive investment in technology to fight in and control this expanded space.It was a nonlinear increase in warfare relative to the war making before it. It culminated by the 20th Century in first nuclear weapons and then an array of weapons of mass destruction. This lead to an end of the option of escalating to unlimited warfare, except by accident.
But as the ending of unlimited warfare was occurring space exploration was simultaneously leaping forward to open up "exponentially" if you will the size of our known universe. We now know there are almost certainly other inhabitable exo planets perhaps even in our own galaxy. We now know that there are the raw materials needed for colonization on other planets and moons in our own solar system. And we now know that we are now critically dependent on our internet cloud for sustainment of human life on earth without catastrophic disruption. And we now know that this "information" is not defensible here on earth. Electromagnetic pulses can wipe all, or parts, of it out. And when that data wipe out occurs, there will be catastrophic interruptions in human activity and loss of status quo with unforeseen consequences. In turn we know that that is an intolerable risk and one that at least the great powers of the world will do their best to minimize. And we can reasonably infer that part of the risk management solution will be to place "backups" of our cloud in locations that can be protected, at least for periods of time, where the backups cannot be damaged, so that all, or parts, of human civilization on earth can be "reset" if you will in the event of an accident, or what have you.
Part of the risk management will have to involve moving "back ups" off planet. Moving back ups off planet will only be a partial and imperfect solution, as have all strategic steps of risk management throughout human history, but it will be taken as surely as the British built great fortresses at Gibraltar, the Straits of Malacca, and St. Kitts from which to secure the trader routes of the Crown of Great Britain a world away in the age of sail in the British Isles. There is no distance too great, no cost too great to bear, no risk management too imperfect to be tried, when the perpetuation of a private oligarchy of a global power is at stake. Just look at the lengths the Vatican and the Habsburgs were willing to go to when the Seljuk Turks cut off their trade with the Far East and triggered the Age of Discovery 1.0.
We are in the throes of the Age of Discovery 2.0. First the nuclear arsenal of USSR and now the onrushing development of Russian and Chinese spanning of the Eurasian Center Point have effectively set at risk and threaten to cut off USA-Crown of Great Britain from their global trade routes.
Space exploration in the Age of Discovery 2.0 is the contemporary equivalent of ocean voyaging in Age of Discovery 1.0. but instead of increasing our navigable and trade-able world geometrically around a globe, it is expanding it exponentially across a solar system and a galaxy and eventually beyond. I used to think this notion was poppycock, but now I think it is already happening and I have just been too thick headed to recognize it.
The back-ups have to be put out under a frozen ocean on a moon of Jupiter, or Saturn, first. They have to be stored somewhere far enough away that most of the powers of earth cannot yet get to them and destroy them. It HAS TO BE DONE. It may already be done.
The moon was close enough in the 1960s. Mars is close enough now. The moons of Jupiter and Saturn will be close enough once Mars is close enough. It is a game of moving the pea under the shell farther and farther out from threat.
And to do it requires the ability to have lines of communication with the sites. And to set up sustainable long term communications requires means of regular access to the storage sites. And the building of this trade route will trigger great discoveries that will alter what we do out there and what we do here.
And so vast monies are going to be invested to develop ways to develop the trade routes out to the flanks of space that have to be controlled by private oligarchies on earth. And so there will be colonization and resource exploitation and "bidness."
And the kinds of weapons that can be created in space with unlimited access to solar energy in a void grow frankly unthinkable to someone like myself. Star Wars and Star Trek will seem like the science fiction fairy tales they are.
And such devices are already technologically feasible should we devote our resources to going there, staying there, and enabling trade routes.
Space navy.
Space anchors away.
The ships have already started sailing IMHO.
No turning back now.
The only question is how much human involvement in space will occur, or will it be a driverless realm.
You and I can conceive looking back what a change occurred in naval strategy when air space over fleets became navigable by airplanes extending from air craft carriers and from land air bases.
We have learned that the US Navy networked the entire ocean with microphones just to listen to russian nuclear subs.
We hear it reputed that our defense forces are working with directed energy weapons from space, presumably from low earth orbit.
What kinds of weapons could be built on Mars, or the moon and moved aloft into orbiting tracks that control pinch points of travel around the solar system and on and off the earth?
And we now know why the exploration will be continue to be driven outward.
To move the pea under the next shell outward.
To find dynamic circulating networks of information bounced so far out, around and back, that time itself would become a defense against those that would seek to harm the information.
And, here is the scary part, for all human spatial expansion has the scary element.
The more protected the backups begin, the more incentive there is to screw with the other guys information that is not as well backed up. If we can restore and they cannot restore, then we win in this primitive attavistic human calculus.
And that is an iPandora's Box that humanity slipped into after the Age of Discovery 1.0 started and has lived with to this day. It may be been that way before the Age of Discovery 1.o. There may have been an Age of Discovery Beta that I just haven't read about yet. But his dynamic is real and seems to have some capacity for recurrence. History never repeats. It just comes close with infinite variation within limits.
Nonlinear warfare in an exponentially increased battle space with backed up information off planet seems a harrowingly significant risk to me now.
It didn't ten years ago.
But it does now.
I suspect that the guys at Office of Net Assessment contemplated all of this at considerable length quite some time ago and what we have been living through the last couple decades is significantly a part of their recommended response.
And then there is the usual blundering and misreads to complicate it further.
Come on people now,
Smile on your brothers (and sisters),
Everybody get together
Try to love one another
Right now...